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color and pattern alleles
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The alleles in orange have been discovered thus far, and the other alleles, in pink, have not.
For explanations of each, see the coat, color, and pattern pages, and for discussion, go to the sausage link.
coat series
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c-series: | curl | on chromosome 27, gene KRT17
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The c-series affects the curliness of hair.
It encompasses the following alleles: C (dominant curl), c (recessive straight).
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f-series: | furnishings | on chromosome 13, gene RSPO2
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The f-series affects the facial hair "furnishings" on wirehairs and longhairs.
It encompasses the following alleles: F (dominant furnishings), f (recessive non-furnished).
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s-series: | shorthair | on chromosome 32, gene FGF5
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The s-series affects the major length of hair.
It encompasses the following alleles: S (dominant shorthair), s (recessive longhair).
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w-series: | wirehair |
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The w-series affects hair texture, hair cycle, and possibly hair layering.
It encompasses the following alleles: W (wirehair), w (non-wirehair).
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color series
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b-series: | black | on chromosome 11, gene TyrP1
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The b-series affects shape and organization of eumelanin.
It encompasses the following alleles: Bc (black), bc (brown/"chocolate"), Bd (black), bd (brown/"chocolate"), Bs (black), bs (brown/"chocolate").
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c-series: | concentration | probably on chromosome 21, gene uncertain
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The c-series affects concentration/depth of pheomelanin.
It encompasses the following alleles: C (full concentration of pheomelanin), cb (blue-eyed/cornaz dilution), cch (chinchilla dilution), cd (dondo dilution), ce (extreme dilution), c (albino dilution).
C-series dilution only visually affects pheomelanin, not eumelanin.
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d-series: | dilution | on chromosome 25, gene MLPH
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The d-series affects concentration/depth of eumelanin and pheomelanin.
It encompasses the following alleles: D (full concentration of pheomelanin/eumelanin), d (dilution of pheomelanin/eumelanin).
D-series dilution affects eumelanin to a great extent and affects pheomelanin to a lesser extent.
D-series dilution has been called "blue dilution" in the past, but this is somewhat of a misnomer, as d-series dilution can dilute any coat color — red (and all its variants), black, and all variants of chocolate.
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pattern series
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a-series: | agouti | on chromosome 24, gene ASiP
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The a-series affects the distribution of eumelanin.
It encompasses the following alleles: A (ASPS; [mostly] solid pheomelanin), as (saddle), at (points), a (ASES; solid eumelanin).
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e-series: | extension | on chromosome 5, gene Mc1R
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The e-series affects production/restriction of eumelanin.
It encompasses the following alleles: E, m (masking), e (ESPS; solid pheomelanin).
Recessive red will suppress all eumelanin production in the hair so that only pheomelanin will be present. A recessive red's base/underlying color can therefore be, for example, black-&-red (often called black-&-tan) (B[B/b] ee), but eumelanin production is suppressed, so the red (in this case, what is often called "Irish setter red"; ee; recessive e) covers the entire coat, leaving the eumelanin to still be expressed only on the nose, nails, etc. The lack of eumelanin in the hair is also why a recessive red cannot have eumelanistic shading, why a recessive red dapple (Mm) will not show dappling (except in the eyes, if dappling occurs on them), and why a recessive red double dapple (MM) will not show dappling except for the white areas (except in the eyes, if dappling occurs on them).
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h-series: | harlequin | on chromosome 9
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The h-series affects distribution/dilution/existence of eumelanin/pheomelanin.
It encompasses the following alleles: H (harlequin), h.
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k-series: | black | on chromosome 16, gene CBD103
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The k-series affects distribution/extension of eumelanin.
It encompasses the following alleles: K (KSES; [mostly] solid eumelanin), br (brindling), k.
Dominant K is epistatic to whatever is found at the a-locus, meaning that it suppresses expression of all a-series alleles.
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m-series: | merling | on chromosome 10, gene SILV / Pmel17
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The m-series affects distribution/dilution/existence of eumelanin/pheomelanin.
It encompasses the following alleles: M (merling/dappling), m.
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r-series: | roaning |
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The r-series affects existence of eumelanin/pheomelanin splashes shown on white.
It encompasses the following alleles: R (roaning), r.
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s-series: | spotting | on chromosome 20, gene MITF
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The s-series affects restriction eumelanin/pheomelanin.
It encompasses the following alleles: S (full self-color), si (tuxedo), sp (piebald), sw (extreme white).
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t-series: | ticking | probably on chromosome 15, gene uncertain
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The t-series affects existence of eumelanin/pheomelanin spots generally shown on a white background.
It encompasses the following alleles: T (ticking), t.
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w-series: | ticking |
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The w-series affects the distribution of melanin on the body and the individual hairs.
It encompasses the following alleles: W (wolf/"wild boar"/"sable"/"agouti"), w (non-wolf).
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